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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク History of slavery in Maryland ： ウィキペディア英語版 History of slavery in Maryland The institution of slavery in Maryland would last around 200 years, from its beginnings in 1642 when the first Africans to brought to St. Mary's City, Maryland to the final elimination of slavery in 1864 during the penultimate year of the American Civil War. Initially, slavery developed along very similar lines to neighboring Virginia. The early settlements and population centers of the Province tended to cluster around the rivers and other waterways that empty into the Chesapeake Bay and, as in Virginia, Maryland's economy quickly became centered on the farming of tobacco for sale in Europe. Tobacco demanded cheap labor to harvest and process the crop, the more so as tobacco prices declined in the late 1600s, even as farms became ever larger and more efficient. At first, emigrants from England in the form of indentured servants supplied much of the necessary labor but, as Englishmen found better opportunities at home, the forcible immigration and enslavement of Africans began to supply the bulk of the labor force. By the 18th century Maryland had developed into a plantation colony, requiring vast numbers of field hands. In 1700 the Province had a population of about 25,000, and by 1750 that number had grown more than 5 times to 130,000. By 1755, about 40% of Maryland's population was black.〔John Mack Faragher, ed., ''The Encyclopedia of Colonial and Revolutionary America'' (New York: Facts on File, 1990), p.257〕 An extensive system of rivers facilitated the movement of produce from inland plantations to the Atlantic coast for export. Baltimore was the second-most important port in the eighteenth-century South, after Charleston, South Carolina. During the American Civil War, fought in part over the issue of slavery, Maryland remained in the Union, though many of her citizens (and virtually all of her slaveholders) held strong sympathies towards the rebel Confederate States. Maryland, as a Union border state, was not included in President Lincoln's 1863 Emancipation Proclamation, which declared all slaves in Southern Confederate states to be free. Slavery would hang on in Maryland until the following year, when a constitutional convention was held which culminated in the passage of a new state constitution on November 1, 1864. Article 24 of that document at last outlawed the practice of slavery. The right to vote was extended to non-white males in the Maryland Constitution of 1867, which remains in effect today. ==Beginnings== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「History of slavery in Maryland」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.